Seed Production Programme

Seed Production
Farm land and Infrastructure Facility
 
i. Seed Farms
The seed production programmes are organized with the help of twenty six farms of the university (Table 1), which are spread over twenty two districts of Madhya Pradesh. Maintenance breeding of recommended crop varieties, nucleus and breeder seed production is carried out in systematic manner. Hybrid seed production has started in pigeon pea, maize, sorghum, pearl millet and caster during 2008-09. Besides, Raj Vijay seed and planting materials are also produced as per requirement of the state as well as the country.
S. No. Center Nucleus seed Breeder seed Hybrid seed Raj Vijay seed Planting Material
1. Gwalior   √ √ √ √ √
2. Indore √ √  √ √ √
3. Sehore √ √ √ √ √
4. Khandwa   √ √ √  
5. Mandsaur   √   √ √
6. Morena   √   √  
7. Khargone √ √ √ √  
8. Jhabua   √ √ √  
9. Entkhedi   √   √ √
10. Ujjain   √ √ √  
11. Bagwai   √   √  
12. Jaora   √   √  
13. Ashoknagar   √   √  
14. Datia       √  
15. Sheopur   √   √  
16. Aron   √   √  
17. Shivpuri   √   √  
18. Rajgarh   √   √ √
19. Shajapur   √   √  
20. Dhar   √   √  
21. Dewas   √   √  
22. Badwani   √   √  
23. Neemuch   √   √  
24. Patan   √   √  
25. Bhind   √   √  
26. Lahar   √   √  
ii. Land
The total area of twenty six farms is 1095.53 hectares. Out of which, 703.35 hectares is under cultivation. Among the cultivated area, 13.39 and 35.15 % is irrigated and partially irrigated, respectively. Rest of the cultivated area is under rain fed farming. The area under plantation crop is about 95.86 ha. Similarly, area under fallow and pasture land is 75.92 ha. The area occupied by road and buildings is 220.40 ha. The land use pattern of individual seed farm is summarized.
 
S. No. Farm Cultivated Area (ha)  Plantation Crop (ha) Fallow and Pasture (ha) Road / Building (ha) Total
I PI R TOTAL
1. Sehore - 18.00 72.70 90.70 14.00 1.82 37.38 142.90
2. Indore - 46.52 16.74 63.26 5.34 - 78.98 147.54
3. Dewas - - 18.00 18.00 - - 2.49 20.49
4. Dhar - - 25.00 25.00 - - 7.43 32.43
5. Jhabua 8.00 3.00 1.00 12.00 11.00 1.06 0.50 24.56
6. Shajapur - 17.00 - 17.00 - - 3.18 20.18
7. Ujjain - 18.00 24.45 42.45 - - 8.69 51.14
8. Khandwa - 18.00 37.00 55.00 16.40 15.00 20.56 108.96
9. Khargone - 16.00 15.99 31.99 3.69 - 3.98 39.66
10. Badwani - 2.00 13.00 15.00 1.75 - 3.95 20.70
11. Entkhedi - 2.54 - 2.54 18.88 - 0.22 21.64
12. Rajgarh 2.00 3.00 1.00 6.00 6.00 1.00 3.32 16.32
13. Mandsaur - 33.70 24.98 58.68 12.05 1.68 5.27 77.68
14. Patan - 5.00 12.00 17.00 - 24.00 1.00 42.00
15. Neemuch - - 13.00 13.00 - 7.00 - 20.00
16. Jaora - 11.50 0.00 11.50 0.29 0.21 0.87 12.87
17. Gwalior 40.00 14.50 - 54.50 - 10.80 19.50 84.80
18. Shivpuri - 3.00 11.00 14.00 0.50 3.57 3.00 21.07
19. Sheopur - 12.00 - 12.00 - - 3.18 15.18
20. Datia - - 7.00 7.00 -   2.18 9.18
21. Bagwai 17.20 - 30.00 47.20 1.00 1.40 6.40 56.00
22. Aron,Guna - 5.00 7.00 12.00 5.00 2.00 1.00 20.00
23. Ashoknagar - - 12.00 12.00 - 6.38 - 18.38
24. Morena 27.00 - - 27.00 - - 4.32 31.32
25. Bhind - 18.50 - 18.50 - - 2.00 20.50
26. Lahar - - 20.03 - 20.03 - - 20.03
Total 94.20 247.26 361.89 703.35 95.86 75.92 220.40 1095.53
 I= Irrigated,      PI= Partially Irrigated,      R= Rain Fed
Features of Seed Production Programme
The impartment features of the seed production programme are the maintenance breeding of seed chain crop varieties, production of nucleus and breeder seeds with effective internal monitoring system. Seed production of public sector hybrids in various crops and planning materials are the other features of our seed production programmes. Diversification of nucleus/breeder seed production programme with a view to meet the growing demand of quality seed and planting material of vegetables, spices, medicinal and aromatic plants have added new dimensions. The seed production programme is reviewed at Vishwavidyalaya level during kharif/rabi seasons every year. The University has also initiated need-based training programme for seed professionals with a view to update knowledge on seed technology, seed certification standards and covering all important and relevant aspects of seed production, processing and storage.
Seed Production System
  1. Crop improvement
    Continuous release of improved varieties and hybrids from crop improvement programmes is basic requirement for a sound and dynamic seed sector. Accordingly, the team of breeders and scientists are actively involved in breeding better varieties/ hybrids in cereals, pulses, oil seeds, vegetables, spices, cotton, fruit crops, medicinal and aromatic plants with strong financial support from ICAR/State Government. Consequently, a large number of varieties have been developed and released by the constituent research centers or in process of release at state as well as at national level.
  2. Maintenance breeding
    The maintenance breeding is one of the important activities of seed production programme of this Vishwavidyalaya. A dedicated team of crop breeders located at various research stations are involved in this programme. The crop varieties are being maintained by single plant selections (SPS) and their subsequent evaluation in progeny rows for genetic purity and true to the types. The SPS bulks are multiplied to produce the nucleus seed for raising the breeder seed.
  3. Seed production planning
    Seed indents from national and state Government, private seed sector and previous year demands and sales forms the basis for the finalization of the targets of breeder seed production programme of all the crops. The entire seed production programme and selection of crop varieties is developed with the consent of officer-in-charge farm and the Dean/ Associate Director Research at university level/ zonal level every year. Any modification in seed production programme in only permissible subjected to the prior approval of Director Farms. The Raj Vijay Seed is being produced from breeder seed in the area after the coverage of nucleus/breeder seed.
  4. Monitoring of seed production programmes
    The targets with name of producing breeder and centre for the production of nucleus and breeder seeds are notified in proforma NSP I and BSP I for all the crops after seed review and planning meeting at university level. It is mandatory for the officer-in-charge farm to submit the follow up action to the Director Farm. The monitoring of seed production programme is being done by internal monitoring teams, representatives of the respective Coordinator/Project Director, monitoring team constituted by respective Coordinator/Project Director, official monitoring team for breeder seed production and senior officers of VV viz: associate Director Research, Dean, Directors and Hon’ble Vice Chancellor.
  5. Seed distribution
    The breeder seed produced is being supplied against the indents. The surplus breeder seed is being made available to indenters on first cum first served basis. Raj Vijay Seed is being supplied directly to the farmers/seed societies/private seed sectors through seed counters of the university.
  6. Seed extension activities
    Seed Village Scheme is operated in twenty two districts of the state located in the jurisdiction of the university. The surplus breeder/ Raj Vijay Seed of improved varieties of various crops are also made available to the farmers/ private seed sectors to create seed demands.
Achievements in Seed Production
  • Maintenance breeding
     The maintenance of recommended and notified crop varieties is basic requirement for maintaining the genetic purity, seed chain and production of nucleus seed. Maintenance breeding is therefore in operation with help of dedicated team of crop breeders working in different research project at different centers. The list of varieties in different crop, which genetic purity was maintained during the report period is summarized in Table 4. The genetic purity of parents of released hybrids in sorghum, maize, pigeon pea and caster was also maintained.
  • Nucleus seed production
    Nucleus seed is produced from either single plant progenies or bulk seed of single plant progenies. It is starting point of seed multiplication chain. The target for production of nucleus seed is decided considering the demand and indent of breeder seed in different crops as well as demands of the varieties. A total of 508.86q of nucleus seed was produced during report period in nine crops and 31 varieties.

 

Crops Varieties and parents of hybrids in maintenance breeding
Rainy season (Kharif)
Soybean           JS 95- 60, JS 90-41, JS 97-52, JS 93- 05 and JS 335
Sorghum JJ 1041, JJ 1022 and JJ 938
Parents of hybrid CSH 18 : IMS 9A and IMS 9B Urid JU 86 and RBU 38
Moong JM 721 and TJM 3 Pearl millet JBV 2 and JBV 3
Maize Parents of hybrid HQPM 1 : HQPM 1R
Pigeon pea JA 4, JKM 7 and JKM 189
Parents of hybrid RVICPH 2671: ICP 2043 A, ICP 2043B and ICP 2671R
 Winter season ( Rabi)
Gram JG 226, JG 130, JG 16, JG 11, JG 6, JAKI 9218, JG 218, JG 412, and JGK 3
Lentil JL 3
Pea Arkel, Pusa Pragati and AP 3
Wheat MP 4010, LOK 1, GW 273, MP 1203, GW 366 and Sujata
Mustard JM 1, JM 2 and JM 3
Toria JT 1
Safflower JSF 1, JSI 99 and JSI 97
Cater Parents of hybrid DCH 177 : DCH 177R

 

 

Nucleus seed produced
Crop Variety Quantity (in qt)
Kharif 2009
Soybean JS 95- 60, JS 90-41, JS 97-52, JS 93- 05 and JS 335 241.83
Sorghum JJ 10 41 0.45
Urid JU 86 and RBU 38 3.56
Bajra JBV 2, JBV 3 0.15
Arhar JA 4 0.60
  Total 246.59
Rabi 2009-10
Gram JG 218, JG 412, JG 226, JG 130, JG 16, JG 11, JG 6, JAKI 9218 and JGK 3 353.72
Lentil JL 3 2.00
Pea Arkel, Pusa Pragati and AP 3 21.80
Wheat MP 4010, LOK 1, GW 273, MP 1203, GW 366 and Sujata 127.03
Arhar JA4 0.60
  Total 505.15
  Grand total 751.74
Kharif 2010
Soybean JS 95-60, JS 335, JS 93-05, JS 90-41 and JS 97-52 194.00
Moong TJM 3 and JM 721 0.75
Urid RBU 38 0.25
Groundnut JGN 3 and JGN 23 4.00
Pigeonpea JA4 0.50
  Total 199.50
Rabi 2010-11
Gram  JG 11, JG16, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 6, and JKG 3 213.00
Wheat MP 12 03, MP 4010, Lok 1, GW 366, GW 322 and Sujata 123.25
Pea Arkel and AP 3 28.19
Lentil JL 3 0.80
Mustard JM 3, JM 4 and Rohini 0.35
  Total 365.59
  Grand total 565.09

 

  • Breeder seed production
     Breeder seed is the back bone of the quality seed production programme as quality seed is very crucial and essential for increasing the production and productivity of any crop. This university is committed to hold the responsibility of breeder seed production as per indents of Government of India and state of Madhya Pradesh. On behalf of the university, the Directorate of Research Services is actively engaged in the coordination of breeder seed production in different crop varieties for maintaining the seed chain and meeting the demand of quality seed. Quantity of breeder seed produced is presented in table 6.

 

Crop Varieties Quantity (q.)
Rainy season (Kharif) 2009
Soybean JS 95-60, JS 335, JS 93-05 and JS 97-52 3266.40
Moong TJM 3 and JM 721 17.49
Urid JU 86,and T 9 8.81
Pearl millet JBV 3 3.15
Sorghum JJ 1041, Indore 12 and JJ 938 12.55
Ground nut JGN 3 and JGN 23 46.00
Pigeonpea JA4, JKM 189, TJT 501 and JKM 7 35.81
Winter season ( Rabi) 2009-10
Gram JG 11, JG16, JG 130, JG 226, JAKI 9218, JG 218, JG 412, Vishal, JG 6, JGK 3 and JGK 1 2442.0
Wheat MP 4010, GW 366, JW 322, JW 3020, HW 2004, Lok 1, Sujata and C 366 2366.4
Pea Arkel, PSM 3, AP 3 and Pusa pragati 160.0
Lentil JL 3 1.13
Mustard Pusa bold, JM 1, JM 2 and JM 3 279.0
Safflower  JSF 1, JSI 99 and JSI      97 2.1
Toria JT 1 0.8
  Total 8641.64
Kharif 2010
Soybean JS 95-60, JS 335, JS 93-05, JS 90-41 and JS 97-52 2932.90
Paddy Kranti 135.00
Moong TJM 3 and JM 721 24.60
Urd  RBU 38 and T 9 12.70
Sorghum Indore 12 and JJ 938 9.00
Ground nut JGN 3 and JGN 23      36.00
Arhar JA4, JKM 189 and TJT-501 59.45
  Total 3209.65
Rabi 2010-11
Gram JG 11, JG16, JG 130, JAKI 9218, JG 12, JG 6, and JKG 3 1909.20
Wheat MP 12 03, MP 4010, Lok 1, GW 366, GW 322, GW 273, JW 3020, HW 2004, Sujata and GW 2932 3330.0
Pea Arkel and AP 3   164.50
Lentil JL 3 4.20
Mustard JM 3, JM 4 and Rohini 188.50
Toria JT 1 8.00
Safflower JSI 97 and JSF1 1.60
  Total 5606.00
  Grand total 8515.65

 

  • Hybrid Seed production
     Hybrid varieties are known to have higher yield potential in comparison to improved varieties. Earlier, seed production in hybrids was concentrated to public sector hence; farmers were bound by this seed at higher price. Timely unavailability of hybrid seed was another limitation in the spread of hybrid varieties. In view of this, the hybrid seed production programme was initiated with the inception of this university for the production of seed of public sector hybrids in maize, pearl millet, sorghum, caster and pigeon pea. Quantity of hybrid seed produced is presented in Table 7.
Crops Varieties Seed quantity produce (Kg.)
   2008-09 2009-10 2010-11
Maize HQPM 1 215 768 840
Pigeon pea ICPH 2671 3783 3435 1400
Pearl Millet HHB 67 2720 1486 917
Sorghum CSH 18 - 80 1397
Caster DCH 177 - 285 300
  • Rajvijay seed
     Rajvijay seed is good quality seed which is produced from saving of breeder seed for direct utilization at farmer’s field. It was produced in medicinal plants like, opium, Isabgol, chandrasoor, ashwagandha and Dil seed. Rajvijay seed was also produced in spice crops viz, garlic, fenugreek and coriander along with some food crops also.
  • Production of planting materials
    Adequate availability of quality planting material to the farmers is important for the development of horticulture in the right direction. Keeping these points in view, the quality planting material was produced in eleven fruit crops which are aonla, lemon, Jamun, mango, custard apple, orange, guava, papaya, jack fruit, karonda and pomegranate.
Issues
The following issues concerning quality seed production, distribution, seed enhancement and storage are of prime concern to the Directorate
  • Strengthening the seed production and processing infrastructure available under National Agricultural Research System (NARS) by adequate funding, monitoring and coordination of activities.
  • Meeting the target of breeder seed production of cereals, pulses and oilseeds by the end of XI five year plan.
  • Dissemination of quality seeds to marginal farmers and tribal.
  • Standardization of hybrid seed production technology.
  • Evaluation and standardization of organic seed production technology of major crops.
  • Maintenance of good seed health and germ inability through effective control of seed borne diseases and storage pests.